Update from the Field: Up Date, Up Grade, Up Yields
Posted by Dave Dyson, Agronomist on January 20, 2022
I know it is still January, but it is never too early to talk about the most important pass through the field, the planting pass. I am dedicating a significant part of my time this winter upgrading the planter we use for research plots. It is wise to inspect your planter at least once a year and check for loose bushings, blown bearings, or other broken parts. While inspecting your planter, remember to pay extra attention to two essential functions: seed placement and fertilizer placement. I suggest bringing your planter units into a Premier Precision Dealer and having a professional technician calibrate your planting units.
Seed placement is critical during planting, and you only have one chance at getting this correct. Unlike spraying herbicides or applying fertilizer, there are no do-overs or going back to touch-up spots in the field. The planting depth of the seed is very important, the corn seed needs to be placed around 1.5 inches below ground. This ensures proper emergence while leaving the seed deep enough to develop a proper rooting system. Consistency at planting is essential. If seeds are planted at different depths, emergence will be erratic. Corn plants must emerge close to one another, otherwise late emerging corn plants will negatively impact the field. If a corn plant is behind by one growth stage from its neighboring plants, it will not produce an ear. These plants essentially become a weed you are unable to kill; it will draw moisture, nutrients, and sunshine all season long and not contribute to overall crop yield.
Proper placement of starter fertilizer is essential for success during the growing season. If applying starter in a 2x2 placement, be certain your planter units are placing the fertilizer 2 inches away and 2 inches down from the seed in a consistent manner. The type of fertilizer usually applied through a 2x2 system can be damaging to germination if it comes in contact with the seed. Conversely, if the starter is applied too far away from the seed, the plant will not benefit from the application of fertilizer. Once you nail down the starter placement, it is time to calibrate the rate of fertilizer application. Assume nothing is field-ready without calibration as I have experience even with brand new planters applying twice the fertilizer rate intended. Applying more than recommended rates will not only hurt your pocketbook but will have the potential of destroying your corn populations as well.
In conclusion, the planter pass is the most important pass you will make during the growing season. It is best to go through your planter and fix what is broken and calibrate your planting units and fertilizer system. If you need help or suggestions contact your trusted Ag Advisor from The Andersons.
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Dave Dyson is a regional agronomist for The Andersons’ Farm Centers which are located throughout Ohio, Michigan, and Indiana. He is an Indiana native and grew up on a dairy farm in Miami County. A graduate of Purdue University with a degree in Crop & Soil Science, Dave has a deep knowledge of various agronomic topics and is committed to helping growers improve their crops. If you have any questions, Dave can be reached at david_dyson@andersonsinc.com.
